Android EditText with Examples in Kotlin

In Android, EditText is a standard entry widget. A user interface element for entering and modifying text. When you define an edit text widget, you must specify the R.styleable.TextView_inputType attribute. For example, for plain text input set inputType to "text", In case if EditText field is for password, then we need to specify the inputType as “textPassword”.

<EditText
     android:id="@+id/plain_text_input"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:inputType="text"/>

See the Text Fields guide for examples of other R.styleable.TextView_inputType settings.

Text Fields in Android Studio are basically EditText and we drag and drop or we can create edittext.

 First, we will check the drag and drop option here

EditText instance by declaring it inside a layout XML file

<EditText
     android:id="@+id/plain_text_input"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:inputType="text"/>

Attributes of EditText:

Now let’s  we discuss few attributes that helps us to configure a EditText in your XML.

Attribute	Description
android:id	It is used to uniquely identify the control
android:gravity	It is used to specify how to align the text like left, right, center, top, etc.
android:text	It is used to set the text.
android:hint	It is used to display the hint text when text is empty
android:textColor	It is used to change the color of the text.
android:textColorHint	It is used to change the text color of hint text.
android:textSize	It is used to specify the size of the text.
android:textStyle	It is used to change the style (bold, italic, bolditalic) of text.
android:background	It is used to set the background color for edit text control
android:ems	It is used to make the textview be exactly this many ems wide.
android:width	It makes the TextView be exactly this many pixels wide.
android:height	It makes the TextView be exactly this many pixels tall.
android:maxWidth	It is used to make the TextView be at most this many pixels wide.
android:minWidth	It is used to make the TextView be at least this many pixels wide.
android:textAllCaps	It is used to present the text in all CAPS
android:typeface	It is used to specify the Typeface (normal, sans, serif, monospace) for the text.
android:textColorHighlight	It is used to change the color of text selection highlight.
android:inputType	It is used to specify the type of text being placed in text fields.
android:fontFamily	It is used to specify the fontFamily for the text.
android:editable	If we set false, EditText won't allow us to enter or modify the text

Now open an activity_main.xml file from \res\layout path and write the code like

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Name"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editTextTextEmailAddress"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Email"
        android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editTextTextPersonName" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editTextTextPassword"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Password"
        android:inputType="textPassword"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editTextTextEmailAddress" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="Show Text"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editTextTextPassword" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Now open app -> java -> package -> MainActivity.kt and add the below code. In this we just fetch the text from the edittext, further with the button click event a toast will show the text fetched before.

package com.examlpe.helloworld

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button
import android.widget.EditText
import android.widget.Toast

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private lateinit var button: Button
    private lateinit var editTextName : EditText
    private lateinit var editTextEmail: EditText
    private lateinit var editTextPassword : EditText
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        button = findViewById(R.id.buttonSubmit)
        editTextName = findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPersonName)
        editTextEmail = findViewById(R.id.editTextTextEmailAddress)
        editTextPassword = findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPassword)

        button.setOnClickListener {

            if ( editTextName.text.toString().isEmpty()
                || editTextEmail.text.toString().isEmpty()
                || editTextPassword.text.toString().isEmpty()){

                Toast.makeText(this,"Please Fill All the Details",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()

            }else{
                Toast.makeText(this, "Name -  " + editTextName.text.toString()
                        + " \n" + "Password -  " +  editTextEmail.text.toString().isEmpty()
                        + " \n" + "E-Mail -  " + editTextPassword.text.toString().isEmpty(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }

        }

    }
}

Output of Android EditText Example

Now start the AVD in Emulator and run the App. You will see screen asking you to fill the data in required fields like name,email, password. Enter data and click on button. You will see the data entered will be displayed as Toast on screen. 

This is how we can use EditText control in android applications to allow the user to enter or modify the text based on our requirements